{"id":16014,"date":"2019-02-11T09:36:26","date_gmt":"2019-02-11T08:36:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.testanonpertinente.net\/?p=16014"},"modified":"2021-02-17T20:54:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-17T19:54:00","slug":"16014","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/?p=16014","title":{"rendered":"adamites, logica modernorum, obligationes, puzzle, suppositio, terminisme, th\u00e9orie des cons\u00e9quences (Libera, La philosophie m\u00e9di\u00e9vale)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En dehors de la s\u00e9man\u00adtique des termes, deux d\u00e9ve\u00adlop\u00adpe\u00adments majeurs de la logique ter\u00admi\u00adniste sont la th\u00e9o\u00adrie des cons\u00e9\u00adquences et les <em>obli\u00adga\u00adtiones<\/em>. Formul\u00e9e d\u00e8s la fin du XIIe si\u00e8cle la th\u00e9o\u00adrie des cons\u00e9\u00adquences sera per\u00adfec\u00adtion\u00adn\u00e9e tout au long du Moyen \u00c2ge tar\u00addif. Si la <em>cons\u00e9\u00adquence des ada\u00admites<\/em> est la plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre, maintes autres r\u00e8gles sont pro\u00adgres\u00adsi\u00adve\u00adment d\u00e9ga\u00adg\u00e9es. Le cadre g\u00e9n\u00e9\u00adral d\u2019\u00e9\u00adla\u00adbo\u00adra\u00adtion est four\u00adni par la dis\u00adtinc\u00adtion entre cons\u00e9\u00adquences natu\u00adrelles et cons\u00e9\u00adquences mat\u00e9rielles.<\/p>\n<p>Il y a cons\u00e9\u00adquence natu\u00adrelle quand l\u2019an\u00adt\u00e9\u00adc\u00e9\u00addent inclut le cons\u00e9\u00adquent, ce qui veut dire que la vali\u00addi\u00adt\u00e9 de la cons\u00e9\u00adquence est d\u00e9ter\u00admi\u00adn\u00e9e par un \u00ab&nbsp;lieu intrin\u00ads\u00e8que&nbsp;\u00bb&nbsp;; il y a cons\u00e9\u00adquence acci\u00adden\u00adtelle, quand l\u2019an\u00adt\u00e9\u00adc\u00e9\u00addent n\u2019in\u00adclut pas le cons\u00e9\u00adquent, ce qui veut dire que la cons\u00e9\u00adquence tient par l\u2019ap\u00adpli\u00adca\u00adtion d\u2019une \u00ab&nbsp;r\u00e8gle extrin\u00ads\u00e8que&nbsp;\u00bb. C\u2019est le cas d\u2019une inf\u00e9\u00adrence comme <em>Si homo est asi\u00adnus, tu sedes<\/em> (\u00ab&nbsp;si l\u2019homme est un \u00e2ne, tu es assis&nbsp;\u00bb). Cette cons\u00e9\u00adquence est bonne&nbsp;; elle est bonne de par la <em>conse\u00adquen\u00adtia Adamitorum<\/em> (<em>ex impos\u00adsi\u00adbi\u00adli sequi\u00adtur quo\u00addli\u00adbet<\/em>, \u00ab&nbsp;de l\u2019im\u00adpos\u00adsible suit n\u2019im\u00adporte quoi&nbsp;\u00bb) laquelle repose elle-m\u00eame sur le <em>locus a mino\u00adri<\/em> (\u00ab&nbsp;topique du moins&nbsp;\u00bb), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire sur le fait que l\u2019im\u00adpos\u00adsible para\u00eet moins vrai que n\u2019im\u00adporte quoi d\u2019autre \u2013 d\u2019o\u00f9 r\u00e9sulte que <em>si<\/em> ce qui para\u00eet le moins vrai est pos\u00e9 comme vrai, ce qui para\u00eet plus vrai que le moins vrai est <em>n\u00e9ces\u00adsai\u00adre\u00adment<\/em> vrai.<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est sur des rela\u00adtions topiques (<em>habi\u00adtu\u00addines locales<\/em>) de ce genre que reposent les \u00ab&nbsp;r\u00e8gles cons\u00e9\u00adquen\u00adtielles&nbsp;\u00bb vedettes de la logique du XIVe si\u00e8cle&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;toute cons\u00e9\u00adquence est bonne dans laquelle le cons\u00e9\u00adquent est n\u00e9ces\u00adsaire&nbsp;\u00bb et \u00ab&nbsp;toute cons\u00e9\u00adquence est bonne dans laquelle l\u2019an\u00adt\u00e9\u00adc\u00e9\u00addent est impos\u00adsible&nbsp;\u00bb. Tr\u00e8s \u00e9loi\u00adgn\u00e9e de l\u2019in\u00adtui\u00adtion natu\u00adrelle, ces r\u00e8gles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vio\u00adlem\u00adment cri\u00adti\u00adqu\u00e9es par les humanistes.&nbsp;[\u2026]&nbsp;<\/p><p>Joint \u00e0 l\u2019ap\u00adpro\u00adfon\u00addis\u00adse\u00adment des notions de logique modale, l\u2019es\u00adsor de la th\u00e9o\u00adrie des cons\u00e9\u00adquences a per\u00admis l\u2019\u00e9\u00adclo\u00adsion de nom\u00adbreuses logiques non aris\u00adto\u00adt\u00e9\u00adli\u00adciennes&nbsp;: logique du chan\u00adge\u00adment [\u2026], logique d\u00e9on\u00adtique, logique des normes, th\u00e9o\u00adrie des imp\u00e9\u00adra\u00adtifs contraires au devoir [\u2026], logique \u00e9pist\u00e9mique&nbsp;[\u2026].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En dehors de la s\u00e9man\u00adtique des termes, deux d\u00e9ve\u00adlop\u00adpe\u00adments majeurs de la logique ter\u00admi\u00adniste sont la th\u00e9o\u00adrie des cons\u00e9\u00adquences et les obli\u00adga\u00adtiones. Formul\u00e9e d\u00e8s la fin du XIIe si\u00e8cle la th\u00e9o\u00adrie des cons\u00e9\u00adquences sera per\u00adfec\u00adtion\u00adn\u00e9e tout au long du Moyen \u00c2ge tar\u00addif. Si la cons\u00e9\u00adquence des ada\u00admites est la plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre, maintes autres r\u00e8gles sont&nbsp;[\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2719,2075,2727,1686,2080,2038,2721],"class_list":["post-16014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-quote","hentry","category-non-classe","tag-adamites","tag-logica-modernorum","tag-obligationes","tag-puzzle","tag-suppositio","tag-terminisme","tag-theorie-des-consequences","post_format-post-format-quote"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16014"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16014\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testanonpertinente.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}